Cell-penetrating H4 tail peptides potentiate p53-mediated transactivation via inhibition of G9a and HDAC1

Oncogene. 2013 May 16;32(20):2510-20. doi: 10.1038/onc.2012.273. Epub 2012 Jul 2.

Abstract

Histone acetylation has a central role in establishing an active chromatin environment. The functional contribution of histone acetylation to chromatin transcription is accomplished by a dominant action of histone acetyltransferases over repressive histone-modifying activities at gene promoters; misregulation of these dynamic events can lead to various diseases. Here, we describe the synthesis and characterization of transducible peptides derived from histone H4 N-terminal tail as a molecular tool to establish and maintain the active state of p53 target genes. Cellular experiments demonstrate a distinct increase in p53 transactivation by acetylated H4 tail peptides, but only a modest change by unmodified H4 tail peptides. The molecular basis underlying the observed effects involves the selective interaction of the tail peptides with G9a histone methyltransferase and histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) and the disruption of their occupancy at p53 target promoters. Furthermore, treatment of xenograft models and cancer cell lines with the tail peptides sharply decline tumor cell growth and enhances apoptosis in response to DNA damage. These results indicate that H4 tail peptide mimics upregulate p53 transcription pathway and may be used as a novel strategy for anticancer therapy.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Apoptosis / genetics
  • Cell Line / drug effects
  • Cell-Penetrating Peptides / genetics*
  • Cell-Penetrating Peptides / metabolism
  • Cell-Penetrating Peptides / pharmacology*
  • DNA Damage / drug effects
  • Female
  • Genes, p53*
  • Histocompatibility Antigens / metabolism
  • Histone Deacetylase 1 / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Histone Deacetylase 1 / metabolism
  • Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase / metabolism
  • Histones / genetics*
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Nucleosomes / metabolism
  • Promoter Regions, Genetic
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins / genetics
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins / pharmacology
  • Transcription, Genetic
  • Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
  • tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / genetics

Substances

  • Cell-Penetrating Peptides
  • Histocompatibility Antigens
  • Histones
  • Nucleosomes
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins
  • tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
  • EHMT2 protein, human
  • Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase
  • HDAC1 protein, human
  • Histone Deacetylase 1