Recommendations to standardize preanalytical confounding factors in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers: an update

Biomark Med. 2012 Aug;6(4):419-30. doi: 10.2217/bmm.12.46.

Abstract

Early diagnosis of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's (AD) or Parkinson's disease (PD) is needed to slow down or halt the disease at the earliest stage. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers can be a good tool for early diagnosis. However, their use in clinical practice is challenging due to the high variability found between centers in the concentrations of both AD CSF biomarkers (Aβ42, total tau and phosphorylated tau) and PD CSF biomarker (α-synuclein). Such a variability has been partially attributed to different preanalytical procedures between laboratories, thus highlighting the need to establish standardized operating procedures. Here, we merge two previous consensus guidelines for preanalytical confounding factors in order to achieve one exhaustive guideline updated with new evidence for Aβ42, total tau and phosphorylated tau, and α-synuclein. The proposed standardized operating procedures are applicable not only to novel CSF biomarkers in AD and PD, but also to biomarkers for other neurodegenerative disorders.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Alzheimer Disease / diagnosis*
  • Alzheimer Disease / metabolism
  • Alzheimer Disease / pathology
  • Amyloid beta-Peptides / cerebrospinal fluid
  • Biomarkers / cerebrospinal fluid*
  • Humans
  • Parkinson Disease / diagnosis*
  • Parkinson Disease / metabolism
  • Parkinson Disease / pathology
  • Peptide Fragments / cerebrospinal fluid
  • Phase Transition
  • Specimen Handling / instrumentation
  • Specimen Handling / methods
  • Specimen Handling / standards*
  • Temperature
  • alpha-Synuclein / cerebrospinal fluid
  • tau Proteins / cerebrospinal fluid
  • tau Proteins / metabolism

Substances

  • Amyloid beta-Peptides
  • Biomarkers
  • Peptide Fragments
  • alpha-Synuclein
  • amyloid beta-protein (1-42)
  • tau Proteins