A review of acetaminophen poisoning

Crit Care Clin. 2012 Oct;28(4):499-516. doi: 10.1016/j.ccc.2012.07.006.

Abstract

Acetaminophen poisoning remains one of the more common drugs taken in overdose with potentially fatal consequences. Early recognition and prompt treatment with N-acetylcysteine can prevent hepatic injury. With acute overdose, the Rumack-Matthew nomogram is a useful tool to assess risk and guide management. Equally common to acute overdose is the repeated use of excessive amounts of acetaminophen. Simultaneous ingestion of several different acetaminophen-containing products may result in excessive dosage. These patients also benefit from N-acetylcysteine. Standard courses of N-acetylcysteine may need to be extended in patients with persistently elevated plasma concentrations of acetaminophen or with signs of hepatic injury.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Acetaminophen / pharmacology
  • Acetaminophen / poisoning*
  • Acetylcysteine / therapeutic use*
  • Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / pharmacology
  • Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / poisoning*
  • Antidotes / therapeutic use*
  • Drug Interactions
  • Drug Overdose / complications
  • Drug Overdose / diagnosis
  • Drug Overdose / therapy*
  • Ethanol / adverse effects
  • Humans
  • Liver Failure, Acute / chemically induced*
  • Liver Failure, Acute / prevention & control
  • Liver Failure, Acute / surgery
  • Liver Transplantation
  • Nomograms
  • Time Factors

Substances

  • Analgesics, Non-Narcotic
  • Antidotes
  • Acetaminophen
  • Ethanol
  • Acetylcysteine