Adipose tissue MRI for quantitative measurement of central obesity

J Magn Reson Imaging. 2013 Mar;37(3):707-16. doi: 10.1002/jmri.23846. Epub 2012 Oct 10.

Abstract

Purpose: To validate adipose tissue magnetic resonance imaging (atMRI) for rapid, quantitative volumetry of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and total adipose tissue (TAT).

Materials and methods: Data were acquired on normal adults and clinically overweight girls with Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval/parental consent using sagittal 6-echo 3D-spoiled gradient-echo (SPGR) (26-sec single-breath-hold) at 3T. Fat-fraction images were reconstructed with quantitative corrections, permitting measurement of a physiologically based fat-fraction threshold in normals to identify adipose tissue, for automated measurement of TAT, and semiautomated measurement of VAT. TAT accuracy was validated using oil phantoms and in vivo TAT/VAT measurements validated with manual segmentation. Group comparisons were performed between normals and overweight girls using TAT, VAT, VAT-TAT-ratio (VTR), body-mass-index (BMI), waist circumference, and waist-hip-ratio (WHR).

Results: Oil phantom measurements were highly accurate (<3% error). The measured adipose fat-fraction threshold was 96% ± 2%. VAT and TAT correlated strongly with manual segmentation (normals r(2) ≥ 0.96, overweight girls r(2) ≥ 0.99). VAT segmentation required 30 ± 11 minutes/subject (14 ± 5 sec/slice) using atMRI, versus 216 ± 73 minutes/subject (99 ± 31 sec/slice) manually. Group discrimination was significant using WHR (P < 0.001) and VTR (P = 0.004).

Conclusion: The atMRI technique permits rapid, accurate measurements of TAT, VAT, and VTR.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adipose Tissue / pathology*
  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Algorithms
  • Body Mass Index
  • Child
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
  • Intra-Abdominal Fat / pathology*
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods*
  • Male
  • Metabolic Syndrome / pathology
  • Middle Aged
  • Obesity, Abdominal / pathology*
  • Overweight
  • Phantoms, Imaging
  • Regression Analysis
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Young Adult