Resistant starch and pullulan reduce postprandial glucose, insulin, and GLP-1, but have no effect on satiety in healthy humans

J Agric Food Chem. 2012 Dec 5;60(48):11928-34. doi: 10.1021/jf303083r. Epub 2012 Nov 20.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of three novel fibers on satiety and serum parameters. In a randomized, double-blind, crossover design, fasted subjects (n=20) consumed a low-fiber control breakfast or one of four breakfasts containing 25 g of fiber from soluble corn fiber (SCF) or resistant starch (RS), alone or in combination with pullulan (SCF+P and RS+P). Visual analog scales assessed appetite, and blood samples were collected to measure glucose, insulin, ghrelin, and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). The fiber treatments did not influence satiety or energy intake compared to control. RS+P significantly reduced glucose, insulin, and GLP-1, but neither SCF treatment differed from control. To conclude, these fibers have little impact on satiety when provided as a mixed meal matched for calories and macronutrients. Additional research regarding the physiological effects of these novel fibers is needed to guide their use as functional ingredients in food products.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Appetite / drug effects
  • Blood Glucose / drug effects
  • Breakfast
  • Dietary Fiber / pharmacology
  • Energy Intake / drug effects
  • Female
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / blood*
  • Glucans / pharmacology*
  • Humans
  • Insulin / blood*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Postprandial Period / drug effects
  • Satiation / drug effects*
  • Starch / pharmacology*
  • Young Adult
  • Zea mays

Substances

  • Blood Glucose
  • Dietary Fiber
  • Glucans
  • Insulin
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
  • pullulan
  • Starch