Abnormal cerebrospinal fluid biochemistry in biotinidase deficiency causing diagnostic conundrum

J Child Neurol. 2014 Jan;29(1):93-5. doi: 10.1177/0883073812467507. Epub 2012 Dec 6.

Abstract

Biotinidase deficiency is a treatable cause of infantile epilepsy and the presentation can be nonspecific. The seizures are difficult to differentiate from other causes of epileptic encephalopathy, which generally have a poor prognosis. We report 2 infants who presented with seizures, and whose low cerebrospinal fluid glucose and high cerebrospinal lactate caused a diagnostic dilemma. Subsequent urine organic acids pointed to the correct diagnosis and avoided invasive investigation. The children had a good clinical outcome with resolution of their seizures on biotin treatment.

Keywords: biotinidase deficiency; cerebrospinal fluid lactate; infantile seizures.

MeSH terms

  • Ammonia / cerebrospinal fluid*
  • Biotinidase Deficiency / cerebrospinal fluid*
  • Biotinidase Deficiency / complications
  • Electroencephalography
  • Epilepsy / etiology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Lactic Acid / cerebrospinal fluid*
  • Male

Substances

  • Lactic Acid
  • Ammonia