The Japan Cancer Surveillance Research Group aimed to estimate the cancer incidence in Japan in 2007 based on data collected from 21 out of 33 population-based cancer registries as part of the Monitoring of Cancer Incidence in Japan (MCIJ) project. The total number of incidences in Japan for 2007 was estimated to be 704 090 (C00-C96). Stomach cancer and breast cancer were the leading types of cancer in males and females, respectively.