We report our experience with the endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux by a submucosal injection of Teflon in children. During a period of 20 months, 291 refluxing ureters were injected by 4 members of our surgical team. A cystography was performed 3 months later. Because 53 children have a follow-up of less than 3 months, we only consider the remaining 201 ureters. The success rate is 92% which is similar to that of surgical treatment. We insist on some precautions and contraindications. Endoscopic treatment is an undeniable progress, but surgical treatment is still required in some cases.