Fast vs. slow switching from stimulants to atomoxetine in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 2013 May;23(4):252-61. doi: 10.1089/cap.2012.0027.

Abstract

Objective: To compare fast versus slow switching from stimulants to atomoxetine (ATX) in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Methods: This was a randomized, controlled, open-label study in 6-16-year-old ADHD patients, previously treated with stimulants and cross-titrated (fast switch, over 2 weeks, or slow switch, over 10 weeks) to ATX because of unsatisfactory response and/or adverse events. Study duration was 14 weeks with an ATX standard target dose of 1.2 mg/kg/day. Primary measure was the change from baseline in the investigator-rated ADHD-Rating Scale (ADHD-RS) at weeks 2 and 10. Secondary measures included Global Impression of Perceived Difficulties (GIPD) and Child Health and Illness Profile-Child Edition (CHIP-CE).

Results: The majority of the 111 patients were male (83.8%, n=93) and mean (SD) age was 11.5 (2.38) years. Mean baseline ADHD-RS total score was 36.0 in the fast and 38.0 in the slow group. Adjusted mean change after 2 weeks was -8.1 (-10.1; -6.1) in the fast and -8.0 (-9.9;-6.0) in the slow group (p=0.927), and after 10 weeks -15.0 (-17.4;-12.6) and -14.3 (-16.7;-12.0), respectively, (p=0.692). GIPD scores did not show differences between groups. Significant differences at week 10 were found in the CHIP-CE achievement domain favoring slow (p=0.036) and the comfort domain favoring fast cross-titration (p=0.030). No significant differences were found for adverse events, and differences for systolic blood pressure (BP) and weight were not considered clinically relevant.

Conclusions: ADHD-RS and GIPD scores improved in both switching groups. No clinically relevant differences between fast and slow switching from stimulants to ATX were found.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Multicenter Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors / administration & dosage
  • Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors / therapeutic use*
  • Atomoxetine Hydrochloride
  • Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / drug therapy*
  • Central Nervous System Stimulants / administration & dosage
  • Central Nervous System Stimulants / therapeutic use*
  • Child
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Propylamines / administration & dosage
  • Propylamines / therapeutic use*
  • Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Failure
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors
  • Central Nervous System Stimulants
  • Propylamines
  • Atomoxetine Hydrochloride