Amphiphilic cytosolic glycans from mycobacteria: occurrence, lipid-binding properties, biosynthesis, and synthesis

Biopolymers. 2013 Oct;99(10):697-712. doi: 10.1002/bip.22290.

Abstract

Polymethylated polysaccharides (PMPSs), glycans composed of 10-20 carbohydrate residues the majority of which carry a single methyl group, are produced by some mycobacterial species. O-Methylation thus occurs on 20-30% of all the hydroxyl groups within the molecule, rendering them amphiphilic. A property of PMPSs is their ability to form high-affinity complexes with fatty acids and their derivatives, suggesting a role in mycobacterial fatty acid biosynthesis. However, direct evidence for their in vivo function is still lacking. Over the past several decades the lipid-binding properties, biosynthesis, and chemical synthesis of PMPSs have been explored and this review will provide an overview of progress made in these areas.

Keywords: amphiphilic; biosynthesis; lipid-binding; mycobacterial glycans; synthesis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Carbohydrate Sequence
  • Fatty Acids
  • Methylation
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Mycobacterium*
  • Polysaccharides*

Substances

  • Fatty Acids
  • Polysaccharides