Production of cloned pigs with targeted attenuation of gene expression

PLoS One. 2013 May 30;8(5):e64613. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064613. Print 2013.

Abstract

The objective of this study was to demonstrate that RNA interference (RNAi) and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) technologies can be used to attenuate the expression of specific genes in tissues of swine, a large animal species. Apolipoprotein E (apoE), a secreted glycoprotein known for its major role in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism and transport, was selected as the target gene for this study. Three synthetic small interfering RNAs (siRNA) targeting the porcine apoE mRNA were tested in porcine granulosa cells in primary culture and reduced apoE mRNA abundance ranging from 45-82% compared to control cells. The most effective sequence was selected for cloning into a short hairpin RNA (shRNA) expression vector under the control of RNA polymerase III (U6) promoter. Stably transfected fetal porcine fibroblast cells were generated and used to produce embryos with in vitro matured porcine oocytes, which were then transferred into the uterus of surrogate gilts. Seven live and one stillborn piglet were born from three gilts that became pregnant. Integration of the shRNA expression vector into the genome of clone piglets was confirmed by PCR and expression of the GFP transgene linked to the expression vector. Analysis showed that apoE protein levels in the liver and plasma of the clone pigs bearing the shRNA expression vector targeting the apoE mRNA was significantly reduced compared to control pigs cloned from non-transfected fibroblasts of the same cell line. These results demonstrate the feasibility of applying RNAi and SCNT technologies for introducing stable genetic modifications in somatic cells for eventual attenuation of gene expression in vivo in large animal species.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Apolipoproteins E / deficiency
  • Apolipoproteins E / genetics
  • Base Sequence
  • Cloning, Organism / methods*
  • Female
  • Fibroblasts / metabolism
  • Gene Expression Regulation / genetics*
  • Gene Knockdown Techniques
  • Granulosa Cells / metabolism
  • Male
  • Nuclear Transfer Techniques*
  • Pregnancy
  • RNA Interference*
  • Swine / genetics*
  • Transfection

Substances

  • Apolipoproteins E

Grants and funding

This research was supported by grants from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (to V.B.), Canada Foundation for Innovation (to V.B. and L.B.A.), Canada Research Chairs program (to L.B.A.) and McGill University Collaborative Research Development Fund (to L.B.A. and V.B.). L.B.A. holds the Canada Research Chair in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Nutrition. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.