Visualization of caspase-3-like activity in cells using a genetically encoded fluorescent biosensor activated by protein cleavage

Nat Commun. 2013:4:2157. doi: 10.1038/ncomms3157.

Abstract

Cytosolic caspase-3-like proteases, such as caspase-3 and caspase-7, have a central role in mediating the progress of apoptosis. Here to conveniently monitor caspase-3-like activity in the multicellular environment, we have developed genetically encoded switch-on fluorescence-base indicators that are cyclized chimeras containing a caspase-3 cleavage site as a switch. When cleaved by caspase-3-like proteases, the non-fluorescent indicator rapidly becomes fluorescent, and thus detects in real-time the activation of such caspases. We generate cultured cells constitutively expressing these chimeras, and all the healthy cells are non-fluorescent. When these cells are exposed to apoptotic stimuli, dead cells show strong fluorescence depending on caspase activation. With these tools, we monitor in real-time caspase-3-like activity in each cell under various conditions, and show for the first time that the environment of cancer cells affects their sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs in a modified soft agar assay. These biosensors should enable better understanding of the biological relevance of caspase-3-like proteases.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Biosensing Techniques / methods*
  • Caspases / genetics
  • Caspases / metabolism*
  • Enzyme Activation / drug effects
  • Fluorescence
  • Genetic Vectors
  • HeLa Cells
  • Humans
  • Lentivirus / genetics
  • Microscopy, Fluorescence
  • Molecular Imaging
  • Molecular Probes / metabolism*
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / pharmacology

Substances

  • Molecular Probes
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • Caspases