Rethinking cardiac resynchronization therapy: the impact of ventricular dyssynchrony on outcome

Int J Cardiol. 2013 Oct 9;168(4):3932-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.06.060. Epub 2013 Jul 17.

Abstract

Objective: To analyze whether left ventricular dyssynchrony (LVD) at baseline is predictive for long-term outcome in heart failure (CHF) patients with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and conduction disturbances treated with cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT).

Methods: In 535 consecutive individuals with CHF scheduled for implantation of a CRT device, LVD was assessed by tissue Doppler imaging (TDI), defined as an electromechanical delay (EMD) difference of ≥40 ms in 2 opposed left ventricular wall regions (septal vs. lateral, anterior vs. inferior). All-cause mortality, heart transplantation, or assist device implantation was defined as combined primary end point. Secondary end points were measures of reverse LV remodeling and of symptomatic improvement.

Results: Mean follow-up was 68 ± 36 [range: 4-150] months. LVD at baseline was present in 308 patients (61%). Of these, 24% reached the combined primary endpoint in contrast to 58% of patients without LVD (p < 0.001). Furthermore, patients with LVD showed pronounced improvement of all secondary end point parameters. In our cohort LVD was an independent predictor for outcome (hazard ratio [95% CI]: 0.30 [0.21-0.42], p < 0.001).

Conclusions: LVD at baseline as assessed by TDI is associated with a more pronounced clinical improvement and is a predictor for transplant-free long-term survival in CRT recipients.

Keywords: Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT); Electromechanical delay; Long-term follow-up; Outcome; Tissue Doppler imaging; Ventricular dyssynchrony.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy / methods*
  • Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy / trends
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prospective Studies
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / physiopathology*
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / therapy*
  • Ventricular Remodeling / physiology*