First immunochemotherapy outcomes in elderly patients with CLL: a retrospective analysis

J Geriatr Oncol. 2013 Apr;4(2):141-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jgo.2013.01.002. Epub 2013 Feb 26.

Abstract

Background: To date, the majority of trials on chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) focused on patients considerably younger than the median age of onset for CLL. As a result, no definitive treatment exists for elderly patients, especially less medically fit patients.

Objectives: The objectives of this study are to examine the impact of comorbidities on outcome as well as to compare three different therapeutic regimens in outcome efficacy.

Materials and methods: We retrospectively identified 143 patients aged >65 years, who received fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab (FCR) (n=49), fludarabine and rituximab (FR) (n=74), or rituximab with chlorambucil (R-CLB) (n=20) as first initial immunochemotherapy.

Results: At current follow-up (median: 24 months), the proportion of patients with a clinical response was higher with FCR (75%) than FR (57%) and R-CLB (28%). For FCR, FR, and R-CLB patients, 2-year overall survival (OS) was 94%, 76%, and 73%, respectively, (p=0.14), while 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) was 90%, 58%, and 30% (p<0.001). In the fludarabine based regimen (FR and FCR) population, higher rituximab doses (500mg/m(2) vs. 375mg/m(2)) correlated with prolonged PFS.

Conclusion: Despite the retrospective nature of this study, we demonstrate that elderly patients with CLL benefit from frontline immunochemotherapy, and emphasize the importance of maintaining rituximab dose intensity.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived / administration & dosage
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived / adverse effects
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use*
  • Chlorambucil / administration & dosage
  • Chlorambucil / adverse effects
  • Chromosome Deletion
  • Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11
  • Comorbidity
  • Creatinine / analysis
  • Cyclophosphamide / administration & dosage
  • Cyclophosphamide / adverse effects
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Humans
  • Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / drug therapy*
  • Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / genetics
  • Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / mortality*
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Myelodysplastic Syndromes / chemically induced
  • Neutropenia / chemically induced
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Rituximab
  • Vidarabine / administration & dosage
  • Vidarabine / adverse effects
  • Vidarabine / analogs & derivatives

Substances

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived
  • Chlorambucil
  • Rituximab
  • Cyclophosphamide
  • Creatinine
  • Vidarabine
  • fludarabine