Socioeconomic inequalities in acute myocardial infarction incidence in migrant groups: has the epidemic arrived? analysis of nation-wide data

Heart. 2014 Feb;100(3):239-46. doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2013-304721. Epub 2013 Nov 15.

Abstract

Objectives: We assessed socioeconomic inequalities in relation to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) incidence among major ethnic groups in The Netherlands.

Methods: A nationwide register-based cohort study was conducted (n=2 591 170) between 1 January 1998 and 31 December 2007 among ethnic Dutch and migrant groups from Suriname, Netherlands Antilles, Indonesia, Morocco and Turkey. Standardised household disposable income was used as a proxy for socioeconomic position. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the socioeconomic inequalities in AMI incidence.

Results: Among ethnic Dutch, the AMI incidence was higher in the low-income group than in the high-income group: adjusted HRs were 2.05 (95% CI 2.00 to 2.10) for men and 2.33 (95% CI 2.23 to 2.43) for women. Importantly, similar socioeconomic inequalities in AMI incidence were also observed in all minority groups, with the low socioeconomic group having a higher AMI incidence than the high socioeconomic group: adjusted HR ranging from 2.07 (95% CI 1.26 to 3.40) in Moroccans to 2.73 (95% CI 1.55 to 4.80) in Antilleans in men; and from 2.17 (95% CI 1.74 to 2.71) in Indonesians to 3.88 (95% CI 2.36 to 6.38) in Turks in women.

Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate socioeconomic inequalities in AMI incidence in migrant groups and suggest a convergence towards the Dutch general population. If the AMI incidence rates of the low socioeconomic group could be reduced to the level of the high socioeconomic group, this would represent a major public health improvement for all ethnic groups.

Keywords: MYOCARDIAL ISCHAEMIA AND INFARCTION (IHD).

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Cohort Studies
  • Epidemics*
  • Ethnicity / statistics & numerical data*
  • Female
  • Health Status Disparities
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Minority Groups / statistics & numerical data*
  • Myocardial Infarction / economics
  • Myocardial Infarction / epidemiology*
  • Netherlands / epidemiology
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • Socioeconomic Factors
  • Transients and Migrants / statistics & numerical data*