A number of disease-modifying therapies have been recently approved for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). These molecules which prevent relapses and new central nervous system lesions are more efficient than the "old" first line therapies and/or more convenient, especially with oral agents. Their usefulness in treating active MS is undeniable, but we have to be aware of their potentially extremely severe side effects. The treatment algorithm in MS is constantly evolving according to the long term safety profile of these new treatments. A better knowledge of fundamental pathophysiology is associated with the development of new molecules targeting the immunological cascade of the disease as well as the mechanisms promoting remyelination and repair.
© 2013 médecine/sciences – Inserm.