Reticulon 4 is necessary for endoplasmic reticulum tubulation, STIM1-Orai1 coupling, and store-operated calcium entry

J Biol Chem. 2014 Mar 28;289(13):9380-95. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M114.548602. Epub 2014 Feb 20.

Abstract

Despite recent advances in understanding store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) regulation, the fundamental question of how ER morphology affects this process remains unanswered. Here we show that the loss of RTN4, is sufficient to alter ER morphology and severely compromise SOCE. Mechanistically, we show this to be the result of defective STIM1-Orai1 coupling because of loss of ER tubulation and redistribution of STIM1 to ER sheets. As a functional consequence, RTN4-depleted cells fail to sustain elevated cytoplasmic Ca(2+) levels via SOCE and therefor are less susceptible to Ca(2+) overload induced apoptosis. Thus, for the first time, our results show a direct correlation between ER morphology and SOCE and highlight the importance of RTN4 in cellular Ca(2+) homeostasis.

Keywords: Apoptosis; Cell Signaling; Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER); Imaging; Membrane; reticulons.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Apoptosis
  • Calcium / metabolism*
  • Calcium Channels / metabolism*
  • Cell Line
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum / metabolism*
  • GPI-Linked Proteins / deficiency
  • GPI-Linked Proteins / genetics
  • GPI-Linked Proteins / metabolism
  • Gene Knockout Techniques
  • Homeostasis
  • Membrane Glycoproteins / metabolism*
  • Mice
  • Myelin Proteins / deficiency
  • Myelin Proteins / genetics
  • Myelin Proteins / metabolism*
  • Nogo Receptor 1
  • ORAI1 Protein
  • Receptors, Cell Surface / deficiency
  • Receptors, Cell Surface / genetics
  • Receptors, Cell Surface / metabolism*
  • Stromal Interaction Molecule 1

Substances

  • Calcium Channels
  • GPI-Linked Proteins
  • Membrane Glycoproteins
  • Myelin Proteins
  • Nogo Receptor 1
  • ORAI1 Protein
  • Orai1 protein, mouse
  • Receptors, Cell Surface
  • Rtn4r protein, mouse
  • Stim1 protein, mouse
  • Stromal Interaction Molecule 1
  • Calcium