Growth trajectories in the children of mothers with eating disorders: a longitudinal study

BMJ Open. 2014 Mar 27;4(3):e004453. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2013-004453.

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine longitudinal patterns of growth trajectories in children of women with eating disorders (ED): anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN).

Design: Prospective longitudinal birth cohort; Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC).

Setting: South West England, UK.

Participants: The sample consisted of women and their children (n=10 190) from ALSPAC. Patterns of growth among children of women reporting a history of AN (n=137), BN (n=165), both AN and BN (n=68) and other psychiatric disorders (n=920) were compared with an unexposed group of children (n=8900).

Main outcome measures: Height and weight data, from birth to 10 years, were extracted from health visitor records, parental report from questionnaires and clinic attendances. Growth trajectories were analysed using mixed-effects models and constructed separately for male and female children.

Results: Between birth and 10 years, male children of women with BN were taller than children in the unexposed group. Male children of women with a history of AN and BN, and female children of women with AN, were shorter throughout childhood. Between the ages of 2 and 5, higher body mass index (BMI) was observed in male children in all maternal ED groups. Conversely, female children of women with AN had a BMI of -0.35 kg/m(2) lower at 2 years compared with the unexposed group, with catch-up by age 10.

Conclusions: Early childhood growth has been found to predict weight gain in adolescence and adulthood, and may be a risk factor for the development of an ED. These findings therefore have public health implications in relation to the prevention of weight-related and eating-related disorders later in life.

Keywords: Epidemiology; Psychiatry; Public Health.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Anorexia Nervosa* / etiology
  • Body Height*
  • Body Mass Index*
  • Bulimia Nervosa* / etiology
  • England
  • Female
  • Growth*
  • Humans
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Male
  • Mothers / psychology*
  • Pregnancy
  • Prospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Sex Factors
  • Weight Gain*
  • Young Adult