Rapid progression of pleural disease due to exposure to Libby amphibole: "Not your grandfather's asbestos related disease"

Am J Ind Med. 2014 Nov;57(11):1197-206. doi: 10.1002/ajim.22330. Epub 2014 Jun 4.

Abstract

Background: Residents and mine employees from Libby, Montana, have been exposed to asbestiform amphiboles from the vermiculite mine that operated in this location from the mid-1920s until 1990. Clinical observations show a different form of asbestos-related toxicity than other forms of asbestos.

Methods: Five illustrative cases from the Center for Asbestos-Related Diseases in Libby were selected. All had clear exposure histories, multiple follow-up visits, illustrative chest radiographic studies, serial pulmonary function tests, and sufficient length of follow-up to characterize disease progression.

Results: These cases developed increasing symptoms of dyspnea and chest pain, progressive radiological changes that were predominantly pleural, and a restrictive pattern of impaired spirometry that rapidly progressed with significant loss of pulmonary function.

Conclusions: LA exposure can cause a non-malignant pleural disease that is more rapidly progressive and more severe than the usual asbestos-related disease.

Keywords: Libby amphibole; asbestosis; disease progression; pleural disease; pulmonary function.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Asbestos, Amphibole / toxicity*
  • Disease Progression
  • Environmental Exposure / adverse effects*
  • Forced Expiratory Volume
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Montana
  • Pleural Diseases / chemically induced
  • Pleural Diseases / diagnostic imaging*
  • Pleural Diseases / physiopathology*
  • Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity
  • Residual Volume
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  • Vital Capacity

Substances

  • Asbestos, Amphibole