Use of noninvasive high-frequency ventilation in the neonatal intensive care unit: a retrospective review

Am J Perinatol. 2015 Feb;30(2):171-6. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1381317. Epub 2014 Jun 10.

Abstract

Objective: The aim of the article is to review the effectiveness of neonatal noninvasive high-frequency ventilation (NIHFV) in preventing endotracheal mechanical ventilation.

Study design: Retrospective case series including all 79 instances of NIHFV use at four participating centers between July 2010 and September 2012.

Results: In 73% of cases, NIHFV was used as rescue after another noninvasive mode, and prophylactically (postextubation) in the remainder. In 58% of cases, infants transitioned to another noninvasive mode, without requiring intubation. There were significant reductions in the mean (SD) number of apneas, bradycardias, or desaturations (over 6 hours) (3.2 [0.4] vs. 1.2 [0.3]; p < 0.001), FiO2 (48 [3] vs. 40 [2]%; p < 0.001) and CO2 levels (74 [6] vs. 62 [4] mm Hg; p = 0.025] with NIHFV. No NIHFV-related complications were noted.

Conclusions: NIHFV is a promising NIV mode that may help prevent or delay intubation and deserves further clinical research.

MeSH terms

  • Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia / prevention & control*
  • Cohort Studies
  • Female
  • High-Frequency Ventilation / methods*
  • Humans
  • Infant, Extremely Premature
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Infant, Premature
  • Intensive Care Units, Neonatal
  • Male
  • Noninvasive Ventilation / methods*
  • Respiratory Insufficiency / therapy*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury / prevention & control