IL-9-producing cytotoxic T (Tc9) cells represent a unique CD8+ T-cell subset. These long-lived immune cells possess the capacity to acquire effector function and home to tumor tissues after adoptive transfer. IL-9 is indispensable for Tc9-mediated superior antitumor response. These findings are highly significant and crucial to achieve advances in T cell-based adoptive therapies.
Keywords: IL-9; Tc9 cells; cancer adoptive cell therapy; effector cell conversion; exhaustion.