Clinical efficacy and safety of imepitoin in comparison with phenobarbital for the control of idiopathic epilepsy in dogs

J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 2015 Apr;38(2):160-8. doi: 10.1111/jvp.12151. Epub 2014 Jul 31.

Abstract

The anticonvulsant activity and safety of imepitoin, a novel antiepileptic drug licensed in the European Union, were evaluated in a multicentre field efficacy study as well as in a safety study under laboratory conditions. Efficacy of imepitoin was compared with phenobarbital in 226 client-owned dogs in a blinded parallel group design. The administration of imepitoin twice daily in incremental doses of 10, 20 or 30 mg/kg demonstrated comparable efficacy to phenobarbital in controlling seizures in dogs. The frequency of adverse events including somnolence/sedation, polydipsia and increased appetite was significantly higher in the phenobarbital group. In phenobarbital-treated dogs, significantly increased levels of alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl-transferase and other liver enzymes occurred, while no such effect was observed in the imepitoin group. In a safety study under laboratory conditions, healthy beagle dogs were administered 0, 30, 90 or 150 mg/kg imepitoin twice daily for 26 weeks. A complete safety evaluation including histopathology was included in the study. A no-observed-adverse-event level of 90 mg/kg twice daily was determined. These results indicate that imepitoin is a potent and safe antiepileptic drug for dogs.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anticonvulsants / adverse effects
  • Anticonvulsants / therapeutic use*
  • Dog Diseases / drug therapy*
  • Dogs
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Epilepsy / drug therapy
  • Epilepsy / veterinary*
  • Imidazoles / administration & dosage
  • Imidazoles / adverse effects
  • Imidazoles / therapeutic use*
  • Phenobarbital / adverse effects
  • Phenobarbital / therapeutic use*

Substances

  • AWD 131-138
  • Anticonvulsants
  • Imidazoles
  • Phenobarbital