Comparative analysis of SIV-specific cellular immune responses induced by different vaccine platforms in rhesus macaques

Clin Immunol. 2014 Nov;155(1):91-107. doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2014.09.005. Epub 2014 Sep 16.

Abstract

To identify the most promising vaccine candidates for combinatorial strategies, we compared five SIV vaccine platforms including recombinant canary pox virus ALVAC, replication-competent adenovirus type 5 host range mutant RepAd, DNA, modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA), peptides and protein in distinct combinations. Three regimens used viral vectors (prime or boost) and two regimens used plasmid DNA. Analysis at necropsy showed that the DNA-based vaccine regimens elicited significantly higher cellular responses against Gag and Env than any of the other vaccine platforms. The T cell responses induced by most vaccine regimens disseminated systemically into secondary lymphoid tissues (lymph nodes, spleen) and effector anatomical sites (including liver, vaginal tissue), indicative of their role in viral containment at the portal of entry. The cellular and reported humoral immune response data suggest that combination of DNA and viral vectors elicits a balanced immunity with strong and durable responses able to disseminate into relevant mucosal sites.

Keywords: Cellular immune response; DNA; Pox virus ALVAC MVA; Prime-boost vaccination; Protein.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antigens, Viral / immunology
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Female
  • Immunity, Cellular*
  • Macaca mulatta
  • Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / immunology*
  • Viral Vaccines / immunology*

Substances

  • Antigens, Viral
  • Viral Vaccines