Congenital GATA1-mutated myeloproliferative disorder in trisomy 21 complicated by placental fetal thrombotic vasculopathy

Abstract

Congenital myeloproliferative disorders and transient leukemic disorders have been described in the perinatal period in infants with trisomy 21 (Down syndrome). We report a novel case of a neonate with trisomy 21 with GATA1-mutated congenital myeloproliferative disorder complicated by placental fetal thrombotic vasculopathy featuring chorionic vessel leukemic thrombi, fetal circulation vascular injuries, and large aggregates of avascular villi. These thrombotic and vasculopathic changes within the placenta are likely a reflection of the hypercoagulable state caused by the myeloproliferative disorder. Placental fetal thrombotic vasculopathy is associated with adverse outcomes for the infant, and should be documented during formal pathological examination of the placenta.

Keywords: Congenital myeloproli-ferative disorder; Fetal thrombotic vasculopathy; GATA1 mutation; Placental pathology; Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome).