[Efficacy of topical ketorolac for improving visual function after photocoagulation in diabetic patients with focal macular edema]

Cir Cir. 2014 Sep-Oct;82(5):477-88.
[Article in Spanish]

Abstract

Background: Photocoagulation reduces the incidence of visual loss in diabetic patients with focal macular edema, but it can induce it for Efficacy of topical ketorolac for improving visual function after photocoagulation in diabetic patients with focal macular edema 6 weeks after treatment and produces visual improvement in some cases. Topical ketorolac may reduce the inflammation caused by photocoagulation and improve visual outcome.

Purpose: To determine the efficacy of topical ketorolac for improving visual function after photocoagulation in diabetic patients with focal macular edema.

Methods: An experimental, comparative, prospective, longitudinal study in diabetic patients with focal macular edema was conducted. Eyes were randomized into two groups of topical treatment for 3 weeks after photocoagulation (A: ketorolac, B: placebo). Best corrected visual acuity before and after treatment was compared in each group (paired t test), and the proportion of eyes with visual improvement was compared between groups (χ(2)). The evaluation was repeated after stratifying for initial visual acuity (≥ 0.5, < 0.5).

Results: There were 105 eyes included. In group A (n= 46) mean visual acuity changed from 0.50 to 0.58 (p= 0.003), and from 0.55 to 0.55 in group B (n= 59, p= 0.83); mean percent change was 22.3% in group A and 3.5% in group B (p= 0.03). Visual improvement was identified in 25 eyes from group A (54.3%) and 19 from group B (32.2%, p= 0.019, RR 1.65); the difference only persisted when initial visual acuity was ≥ 0.5 (10 [40%], group A, 5 [14.7%], group B, p= 0.02, RR 2.72).

Conclusion: Topical ketorolac was more effective than placebo to improve best corrected visual acuity in diabetic patients with focal macular edema.

Antecedentes: la fotocoagulación reduce la incidencia de pérdida visual en diabéticos con edema macular focal, aunque puede inducirla durante 6 semanas; la mejoría visual después del tratamiento es excepcional. El ketorolaco tópico puede limitar la inflamación causada por la fotocoagulación, y mejorar el desenlace visual. Objetivo: determinar la eficacia del ketorolaco tópico en la mejoría de la función visual después de la fotocoagulación, en diabéticos con edema macular focal. Material y métodos: estudio experimental, comparativo, prospectivo, longitudinal efectuado en diabéticos con edema macular focal, asignados al azar a dos grupos de tratamiento tópico durante 3 semanas después de la fotocoagulación (A: ketorolaco, B: placebo). En cada grupo se comparó la agudeza visual antes y después del tratamiento (t pareada) y entre grupos la proporción de ojos con mejoría visual (χ2). La evaluación se repitió con estratificación por agudeza visual inicial (≥ 0.5, < 0.5). Resultados: se analizaron 105 ojos; en el grupo A (n= 46) el promedio de agudeza visual cambió de 0.50 a 0.58 (p= 0.003), en el B (n= 59) de 0.55 a 0.55 (p= 0.83); el promedio del cambio porcentual fue 22.3% en el grupo A y 3.5% en el B (p= 0.03). Hubo mejoría visual en 25 ojos del grupo A (54.3%) y 19 del B (32.2%, p= 0.019, RR 1.65); la diferencia persistió cuando la agudeza visual inicial era ≥ 0.5 (10 [40%], grupo A, 5 [14.7%], grupo B, p= 0.02, RR 2.72). Conclusiones: el ketorolaco fue más eficaz que el placebo para mejorar la agudeza visual en pacientes diabéticos con edema macular focal.

Keywords: agudeza visual mejor corregida; best corrected visual acuity; edema macular; fotocoagulación; ketorolaco tópico; macular edema; photocoagulation; topical ketorolac.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • English Abstract
  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Ophthalmic
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / administration & dosage
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / therapeutic use*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / complications
  • Diabetic Retinopathy / surgery*
  • Dinoprostone / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Dinoprostone / biosynthesis
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Ketorolac / administration & dosage
  • Ketorolac / therapeutic use*
  • Light Coagulation / adverse effects*
  • Macula Lutea / ultrastructure
  • Macular Edema / surgery*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Organ Size / drug effects
  • Postoperative Complications / drug therapy
  • Postoperative Complications / etiology
  • Postoperative Complications / prevention & control*
  • Prospective Studies
  • Retinitis / drug therapy
  • Retinitis / etiology
  • Retinitis / prevention & control*
  • Tomography, Optical Coherence
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Visual Acuity / drug effects

Substances

  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
  • Dinoprostone
  • Ketorolac