Clinical outcome following second-generation drug-eluting stent use for off-label versus on-label indications: insights from the two-year outcome of the TWENTE trial

EuroIntervention. 2014 Oct;10(6):664-71. doi: 10.4244/EIJV10I6A117.

Abstract

Drug-eluting stents (DES) were first used on-label - in simple patients with low clinical risk and easily accessible lesions. Currently, DES are increasingly used off-label - in complex patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) with historically higher event risk. Therefore, our aim was to investigate whether patients with off-label indications for DES use had similar outcomes compared to patients who were treated for on-label indications only. We analysed two-year follow-up data of 1,387 TWENTE trial patients, treated with second-generation everolimus-eluting XIENCE V or zotarolimus-eluting Resolute stents, and compared off-label vs. on-label DES use with regard to the following clinical endpoints: cardiac death, myocardial infarction (MI), periprocedural MI (≤48 hrs), and target vessel revascularisation (TVR). Patients with off-label DES use (n=1,033; 74.5%) had more diabetes (22.9% vs. 17.5%; p=0.032), previous MI (35.9% vs. 22.3%; p<0.001), type B2/C lesions (84.7% vs. 62.7%; p<0.001), and acute coronary syndromes (57.8% vs. 33.3%; p<0.001). Nevertheless, cardiac death and TVR rates were similar to those of patients with on-label DES use (p>0.8). Following off-label DES use, there was a higher incidence of PMI (5.0% vs. 1.4%; p=0.003), of which only 1.1% reached creatine kinase levels >5x the upper limit of normal (ULN). Despite differences in risk profile, patients with off-label DES use did not differ from patients with on-label DES use in clinical endpoints other than periprocedural MI. These largely positive findings underline the favourable safety profile of second-generation DES.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Acute Coronary Syndrome / epidemiology
  • Calcinosis / epidemiology
  • Creatine Kinase / analysis
  • Diabetes Mellitus / epidemiology
  • Drug-Eluting Stents*
  • Everolimus
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / epidemiology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Myocardial Infarction / epidemiology
  • Off-Label Use*
  • Patient Outcome Assessment*
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention*
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Sirolimus / administration & dosage
  • Sirolimus / analogs & derivatives

Substances

  • Everolimus
  • Creatine Kinase
  • zotarolimus
  • Sirolimus