QT interval heterogeneities induced through local epicardial warming/cooling. An experimental study

Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed). 2014 Dec;67(12):993-8. doi: 10.1016/j.rec.2014.02.026. Epub 2014 Aug 4.

Abstract

Introduction and objectives: Abnormal QT interval durations and dispersions have been associated with increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias. The present study examines the possible arrhythmogenic effect of inducing QT interval variations through local epicardial cooling and warming.

Methods: In 10 isolated rabbit hearts, the temperatures of epicardial regions of the left ventricle were modified in a stepwise manner (from 22°C to 42°C) with simultaneous electrogram recording in these regions and in others of the same ventricle. QT and activation-recovery intervals were determined during sinus rhythm, whereas conduction velocity and ventricular arrhythmia induction were determined during programmed stimulation.

Results: In the area modified from baseline temperature (37°C), the QT (standard deviation) was prolonged with maximum hypothermia (195 [47] vs 149 [12] ms; P<.05) and shortened with hyperthermia (143 [18] vs 152 [27] ms; P<.05). The same behavior was displayed for the activation-recovery interval. The conduction velocity decreased with hypothermia and increased with hyperthermia. No changes were seen in the other unmodified area. Repetitive responses were seen in 5 experiments, but no relationship was found between their occurrence and hypothermia or hyperthermia (P>.34).

Conclusions: In the experimental model employed, local variations in the epicardial temperature modulate the QT interval, activation-recovery interval, and conduction velocity. Induction of heterogeneities did not promote ventricular arrhythmia occurrence.

Keywords: Arrhythmia; Arritmia; Electrical stimulation; Electrofisiología; Electrophysiology; Estimulación eléctrica; Left ventricle; Ventrículo izquierdo.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Arrhythmias, Cardiac / etiology
  • Arrhythmias, Cardiac / physiopathology
  • Cold Temperature / adverse effects
  • Electric Stimulation
  • Electrocardiography
  • Heart Conduction System / physiology
  • Heart Rate / physiology*
  • Hot Temperature / adverse effects
  • Pericardium / physiology*
  • Rabbits
  • Ventricular Function / physiology