Keywords: CESAR trial; EOLIA trial; acute respiratory distress syndrome; antinuclear antibody; arterial blood gas; bronchoalveolar lavage; bronchoscopy; diffuse alveolar hemorrhage; lung protective ventilation; lupus pneumonitis; plasmapheresis; pneumonia; sepsis; steroids; systemic lupus erythematosus; transesophageal echocardiography; venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.