Depression among adolescents attending secondary schools in South East Nigeria

Ann Afr Med. 2015 Jan-Mar;14(1):46-51. doi: 10.4103/1596-3519.148737.

Abstract

Background: Depression among adolescents is an uncommon and frequently unrecognized issue in pediatrics. Children and adolescents however suffer from both depression and associated symptoms.

Methods: The study was carried out among adolescents in secondary schools from two states; Enugu and Ebonyi metropolises within the age range of 9-18 in Enugu metropolis. The instrument employed for data collection was a structured self-administered questionnaire developed from the Goldberg Depression Questionnaire, a Screening Test for Depression. It is particularly suited for students in this age group. The families were assigned socio-economic classes using the recommended method (modified) by Oyedeji.

Objectives: The aims and objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of several levels of depression among adolescents attending secondary schools in two states.

Results: A total of 453 adolescents who are attending secondary schools from two states were recruited in this study. Depression is non-existent before the age of 10 years according to this study. The prevalence of moderate depression was lowest (2.3%) at the age of 10 and highest at (6.2%) the age of 13. The prevalence of severe depression was lowest (1.9%) at the age of 11 and highest (7.4%) at the age of 12. Female gender is a risk factor for depression. Children whose parents are separated showed higher incidences of depression in all the spectra studied.

Conclusion: Adolescents exhibit different levels of depression with a female preponderance.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Child
  • Depression / diagnosis
  • Depression / epidemiology*
  • Family Characteristics
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Male
  • Mass Screening
  • Nigeria / epidemiology
  • Prevalence
  • Risk Factors
  • Schools*
  • Socioeconomic Factors
  • Students / psychology*
  • Students / statistics & numerical data
  • Surveys and Questionnaires