Background: Malnutrition is a frequent complication of cirrhosis and it has been associated to more severe disease and development of complications. Phase angle is a bedside reliable tool for nutritional assessment based on conductivity properties of body tissues.
Aim: To evaluate the association between malnutrition assessed through phase angle and mortality in patients with liver cirrhosis.
Methods: We performed a prospective cohort study in a tertiary care centre; 249 patients were enrolled with 48 months of follow-up. Clinical, nutritional (malnutrition = phase angle ≤ 4.9°) and biochemical evaluations were performed. Student's t-test and χ(2) method were used as appropriate. Kaplan-Meier curves and multivariate Cox regression were used to evaluate mortality.
Results: Mean follow-up was 33.5 months. Survival analysis showed higher mortality in the malnourished group compared to the well-nourished group (p = 0.076), Kaplan-Meier curves were further stratified according to compensated and decompensated status showing higher mortality in compensated patients according to Child-Pugh (p = 0.002) and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score (p = 0.008) when malnutrition was present. Multivariate analysis showed that malnutrition was independently associated with mortality (HR = 2.15, 1.18-3.92).
Conclusions: In our cohort, malnutrition was independently associated with mortality. This is the first study showing higher mortality in malnourished compensated cirrhotic patients.
Keywords: Bioelectrical impedance; Liver disease; Mortality; Nutritional status.
Copyright © 2015 Editrice Gastroenterologica Italiana S.r.l. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.