Primary and substance-induced psychotic disorders in methamphetamine users

Leanne Hides; Sharon Dawe; Rebecca McKetin; David J Kavanagh; Ross McD Young; Maree Teesson; John B Saunders

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2014.11.077

Primary and substance-induced psychotic disorders in methamphetamine users

Psychiatry Res. 2015 Mar 30;226(1):91-6. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2014.11.077. Epub 2014 Dec 18.

Authors

Leanne Hides¹, Sharon Dawe², Rebecca McKetin³, David J Kavanagh⁴, Ross McD Young⁴, Maree Teesson⁵, John B Saunders⁶

Affiliations

¹ Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, School of Psychology and Counselling, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. Electronic address: leanne.hides@qut.edu.au.
² School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
³ Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia; School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
⁴ Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, School of Psychology and Counselling, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
⁵ National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre (NDARC), University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
⁶ Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Disciplines of Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

PMID: 25677394
DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2014.11.077

Abstract

This study investigates the rates of primary psychotic disorders (PPD) and substance-induced psychotic disorders (SIPDs) in methamphetamine (MA) users accessing needle and syringe programs (NSPs). The aim was to determine if there are systematic differences in the characteristics of MA users with PPDs and SIPDs compared to those with no psychotic disorder. Participants were 198 MA users reporting use in the previous month. Diagnosis was determined using the Psychiatric Research Interview for DSM-IV Substance and Mental Disorders (PRISM-IV). Current psychiatric symptoms and substance use were also measured. Just over half (n=101) of participants met DSM-IV criteria for a lifetime psychotic disorder, including 81 (80%) with a SIPD and 20 (20%) with a PPD. Those with a younger age of onset of weekly MA use were at increased risk of a lifetime SIPD. A current psychotic disorder was found in 62 (39%), comprising 49 SIPDs (79%) and 13 PPDs (21%). MA users with a current PPD were more likely to have received psychiatric treatment in the past month than those with a current SIPD, despite a similar level of psychotic symptom severity. A high proportion of MA users accessing NSPs have psychotic disorders, the majority of which are substance-induced.

Keywords: Diagnosis; Drug use disorder; Methamphetamine; Psychosis; Substance-induced.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Adult
Age of Onset
Amphetamine-Related Disorders / psychology*
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Female
Humans
Male
Methamphetamine / adverse effects*
Psychoses, Substance-Induced / diagnosis*
Psychoses, Substance-Induced / psychology
Psychotic Disorders / diagnosis*
Psychotic Disorders / psychology
Symptom Assessment
Young Adult

Substances

Methamphetamine