Detection of BRAF mutations on direct smears of thyroid fine-needle aspirates through cell transfer technique

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the utility of the cell transfer technique (CTT) for BRAF molecular testing on thyroid fine-needle aspiration (FNA) specimens.

Methods: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based BRAF molecular testing was performed on tissues obtained through CTT from both air-dried and ethanol-fixed direct smears of thyroid FNA specimens and then compared with the corresponding thyroidectomy formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues on 30 cases.

Results: BRAF testing was successfully performed on 29 of 30 air-dried CTT, 27 of 30 ethanol-fixed CTT, and 27 of 30 FFPE tissues. The results exhibited 11, 13, and 13 BRAF mutations and 18, 14, and 14 wild types for the air-dried CTT, the ethanol-fixed CTT, and the FFPE tissues, respectively. The concordance rate was 96% between air-dried and ethanol-fixed CTT tissues, 88% between air-dried CTT and FFPE tissues, and 92% between ethanol-fixed CTT and FFPE tissues.

Conclusions: PCR-based BRAF mutational testing can be reliably performed on the direct smears of the thyroid FNA specimens through the application of CTT.

Keywords: BRAF mutation; Cell transfer; Cytology; Molecular; Thyroid.