ST-segment elevation on intracoronary electrocardiogram after percutaneous coronary intervention is associated with worse outcome in patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction

Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2016 Mar;87(4):E113-21. doi: 10.1002/ccd.26072. Epub 2015 Jul 8.

Abstract

Objectives: We sought to examine whether intracoronary electrocardiogram (IC-ECG) assessment in patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) can predict cardiac outcomes.

Background: There has been no data correlating myocardial damage and cardiac events with an IC-ECG ST-segment change after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in NSTEMI patients.

Methods: We examined 111 NSTEMI patients undergoing PCI with an IC-ECG recording. IC-ECG ST-segment elevation (STE) was defined as >0.1 mV in the risk area, located by placing the guidewire distal to the culprit lesion. Clinical characteristics and in-hospital and long-term follow-up adverse cardiac event rates were compared between IC-ECG STE and non-IC-ECG STE groups at the completion of PCI.

Results: IC-ECG STE was observed in 36 patients (32.4%) immediately after PCI. Peak cardiac biomarkers were significantly elevated in patients with IC-ECG STE versus those without (cardiac troponin I 31.9 ng/mL (18.0-104.5) vs. 8.2 ng/mL (1.8-21.4); P < 0.001). At a median follow-up of 35 months, the cardiac event free rate was significantly worse in patients with IC-ECG STE than in those without (long-rank test χ(2) = 10.9; P = 0.001). Cox proportional hazards analysis showed IC-ECG STE (hazard ratio, 2.54; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.38-4.70; P = 0.003) was an independent predictors of cardiac events.

Conclusions: The present study suggests that presence of IC-ECG STE might help identify high-risk NSTEMI patients with greater myocardial injury leading to adverse cardiac events.

Keywords: acute coronary syndrome; biomarker; electrocardiography; non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Chi-Square Distribution
  • Coronary Angiography
  • Creatine Kinase, MB Form / blood
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Electrocardiography*
  • Female
  • Heart Diseases / blood
  • Heart Diseases / diagnosis
  • Heart Diseases / etiology*
  • Heart Diseases / physiopathology
  • Humans
  • Logistic Models
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Non-ST Elevated Myocardial Infarction / diagnosis
  • Non-ST Elevated Myocardial Infarction / therapy*
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / adverse effects*
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction / diagnosis
  • ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction / therapy*
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Troponin I / blood

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Troponin I
  • Creatine Kinase, MB Form