Closure of a patent foramen ovale in patients with platypnoea-orthodeoxia: a rare and overlooked cause of dyspnoea and hypoxaemia

Scand Cardiovasc J. 2015;49(6):357-60. doi: 10.3109/14017431.2015.1071874. Epub 2015 Jul 31.

Abstract

Objective: Platypnoea-orthodeoxia is a rare cause of dyspnoea and hypoxaemia induced by a change from supine to upright position resulting in veno-arterial shunting, usually through a patent foramen ovale. We aimed to describe our experience with closure of a patent foramen ovale in patients with platypnoea-orthodeoxia, and to increase awareness of this diagnosis.

Design: Eight patients (mean age 63 ± 12 years) were identified from hospital records between 2000 and 2013.

Results: The underlying diseases were aortic aneurism (n = 3), cardiac transplantation (n = 2), left ventricular dilatation (n = 1), pulmonary fibrosis (n = 1), and recurrent pleural/pericardial effusion (n = 1). At presentation, mean oxygen saturation was 81 ± 8% in the upright position. All patients underwent transthoracic and transoesophageal echocardiography. Pulmonary pressures were normal at rest in all patients. A right-to-left shunt through a patent foramen was demonstrated after changing posture from supine to sitting. Closure of the patient foramen ovale was performed uncomplicated in all patients. Mean oxygen saturation post-procedure was 96 ± 2%. All but one patient experienced marked symptom relief.

Conclusion: The majority of patients with platypnoea-orthodeoxia can benefit from treatment of the underlying condition. In the present cohort, patients underwent uncomplicated catheter-based closure of the patient foramen ovale with subsequent improvement of oxygen saturation and symptom improvement.

Keywords: hypoxemia; patent foramen ovale; right-to-left shunt; venoarterial shunting.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Cardiac Catheterization*
  • Denmark
  • Dyspnea / blood
  • Dyspnea / diagnosis
  • Dyspnea / etiology*
  • Dyspnea / physiopathology
  • Echocardiography, Doppler, Color
  • Echocardiography, Transesophageal
  • Female
  • Foramen Ovale, Patent / complications
  • Foramen Ovale, Patent / diagnosis
  • Foramen Ovale, Patent / physiopathology
  • Foramen Ovale, Patent / therapy*
  • Hemodynamics
  • Humans
  • Hypoxia / blood
  • Hypoxia / diagnosis
  • Hypoxia / etiology*
  • Hypoxia / physiopathology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Oxygen / blood
  • Posture
  • Risk Factors
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Oxygen