The use of the acute Pd/Pa drop after intracoronary nitroglycerin infusion to rule out significant FFR: CANICA (Can intracoronary nitroglycerin predict fractional flow reserve without adenosine?) multicenter study

Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2016 Feb 1;87(2):262-9. doi: 10.1002/ccd.25983. Epub 2015 Jul 25.

Abstract

Objective: Functional assessment of coronary artery stenosis is performed by measuring the fractional flow reserve (FFR) under hyperemic conditions (Adenosine). However, the use of adenosine portends limitations.

Objective: We sought to investigate the relationship and correlation between FFR and the Pd/Pa value obtained just after the intracoronary infusion (acute drop) of nitroglycerin (Pd/Pa-NTG) and if this parameter enhances diagnostic accuracy for FFR prediction compared to the resting baseline Pd/Pa.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter study including prospectively patients presenting intermediate coronary artery stenosis (30-70%) evaluated with pressure wire. Resting baseline Pd/Pa, Pd/Pa-NTG and FFR were measured.

Results: 283 patients (335 lesions) were included. Resting baseline Pd/Pa value was 0.72 to 1.0 (0.93 ± 0.04), Pd/Pa-NTG was 0.60 to 1.0 (0.87 ± 0.07) and FFR 0.55 to 1.0 (0.83 ± 0.08). The ROC curves for resting baseline Pd/Pa and for Pd/Pa-NTG, using a FFR ≤ 0.80 showed an AUC of 0.88 (95% CI: 0.84-0.92, P < 0.001) and 0.94 (95% CI: 0.92-0.96, P < 0.001) respectively. The optimal cutoff values of resting baseline Pd/Pa and Pd/Pa-NTG for an FFR > 0.80, were >0.96 and >0.88, respectively. These values were present in a 29.8% (n = 100) and a 47.1% (n = 158), of the total lesions. Scatter plots showed a better correlation and agreement points with Pd/Pa-NTG than resting baseline Pd/Pa. The cutoff value of Pd/Pa-NTG > 0.88 showed an excellent NPV (96.2% for FFR > 0.8 and 100% for FFR > 0.75) and sensitivity (95% for FFR > 0.8 and 100% for FFR > 0.75) which were consistently high across all the subgroups analysis.

Conclusion: The cutoff value of acute Pd/Pa-NTG > 0.88 has a high NPV meaning adenosine-FFR can be avoided in almost half of lesions.

Keywords: fractional flow reserve; microcirculation; pressure wire.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Adenosine / administration & dosage*
  • Aged
  • Area Under Curve
  • Arterial Pressure*
  • Blood Flow Velocity
  • Cardiac Catheterization*
  • Coronary Angiography
  • Coronary Stenosis / diagnosis*
  • Coronary Stenosis / physiopathology
  • Coronary Vessels / diagnostic imaging
  • Coronary Vessels / physiopathology*
  • Female
  • Fractional Flow Reserve, Myocardial*
  • Humans
  • Hyperemia / physiopathology
  • Infusions, Intra-Arterial
  • Male
  • Microcirculation
  • Middle Aged
  • Nitroglycerin / administration & dosage*
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Prospective Studies
  • ROC Curve
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Spain
  • Unnecessary Procedures
  • Vasodilator Agents / administration & dosage*

Substances

  • Vasodilator Agents
  • Nitroglycerin
  • Adenosine