Comparison of Outcomes of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation in Patients ≥90 Years Versus <90 Years

Am J Cardiol. 2015 Oct 1;116(7):1110-5. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2015.06.033. Epub 2015 Jul 16.

Abstract

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) for severe aortic stenosis (AS) is increasingly performed in nonagenarians. There is scarce evidence on the feasibility and safety of balloon-expandable TAVI in this patient population. A total of 734 patients who underwent balloon-expandable TAVI at our institute were included in the study. We compared 136 patients who were aged at least 90 years at the time of TAVI (mean age 92.4 ± 2.4 years) with the remaining 598 younger patients (mean age 79.7 ± 7.8 years). Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 end points were compared between the 2 groups. Diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease (CAD), peripheral artery disease (PAD), and chronic lung disease were significantly less prevalent in patients aged ≥90 years. In contrast, the prevalence of frailty, chronic renal failure, and atrial fibrillation was significantly higher in these patients. Device success was 96% in both groups. All-cause mortality at 30 days and 1 year was 2.9% and 12.5% versus 2.8% and 12.3% in patients aged ≥90 and <90, respectively (p = 0.95 for both). All major complication rates were similar between groups. Nonagenarians had higher rates of minor vascular complications (13.2% vs 7.7%; p = 0.04). In conclusion, performing balloon-expandable TAVI in carefully selected group of nonagenarians is feasible and offers clinical benefit comparable to patients aged <90 years. Advanced age, in the absence of significant co-morbidities, should not deter clinicians from evaluating patients for TAVI for severe AS.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / diagnosis
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / mortality
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / surgery*
  • California / epidemiology
  • Echocardiography
  • Feasibility Studies
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Survival Rate / trends
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  • Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement / methods*
  • Treatment Outcome