Purpose: Children with congenital high scapula (CHS) have a cosmetic and functional problem due to limited shoulder abduction. Treatment options include excision of the prominent superior angle, scapular relocation procedures and subtotal scapulectomy. Excision of the superomedial angle results only in cosmetic improvement. Subtotal scapulectomy and relocation procedures are associated with ugly scars, extensive bleeding and high incidence of brachial plexus injuries. Vertical scapular osteotomy (VSO) is another surgical option that provides cosmetic and functional improvement. The aim of this study is to assess medium to long term results of VSO in treatment of CHS.
Methods: This is a prospective case series study. Seven children with CHS were treated at our unit. Age ranged from 5-13 years with an average of 8.4 years. All children were females with unilateral affection. All children underwent a VSO as described by Campbell. We used the Cavendish grading system together with combined shoulder abduction for assessment. Follow up averaged 4.6 years.
Results: All children and parents were extremely satisfied with the results of surgery. All patients experienced an improvement in global shoulder abduction with an average gain in abduction of 52.9°. All patients experienced an improvement in cosmetic appearance with better shoulder levelling. The Cavendish grade improved in all patients.
Conclusion: This study emphasizes the results of previous authors demonstrating that CHS can be treated successfully with a VSO. The procedure is simple and its results are reproducible.
Keywords: Congenital high scapula; Sprengel’s deformity; Vertical scapular osteotomy.