c-Myc alterations confer therapeutic response and acquired resistance to c-Met inhibitors in MET-addicted cancers

Cancer Res. 2015 Nov 1;75(21):4548-59. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-14-2743. Epub 2015 Oct 19.

Abstract

Use of kinase inhibitors in cancer therapy leads invariably to acquired resistance stemming from kinase reprogramming. To overcome the dynamic nature of kinase adaptation, we asked whether a signal-integrating downstream effector might exist that provides a more applicable therapeutic target. In this study, we reported that the transcriptional factor c-Myc functions as a downstream effector to dictate the therapeutic response to c-Met inhibitors in c-Met-addicted cancer and derived resistance. Dissociation of c-Myc from c-Met control, likely overtaken by a variety of reprogrammed kinases, led to acquisition of drug resistance. Notably, c-Myc blockade by RNA interference or pharmacologic inhibition circumvented the acquired resistance to c-Met inhibition. Combining c-Myc blockade and c-Met inhibition in MET-amplified patient-derived xenograft mouse models heightened therapeutic activity. Our findings offer a preclinical proof of concept for the application of c-Myc-blocking agents as a tactic to thwart resistance to kinase inhibitors.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Cell Survival / genetics
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / genetics
  • Gefitinib
  • Humans
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Mice, Nude
  • Molecular Targeted Therapy*
  • Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / therapeutic use*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met / metabolism
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / genetics
  • Pyridazines / pharmacology
  • Quinazolines / pharmacology
  • RNA Interference
  • RNA, Small Interfering
  • Triazoles / pharmacology
  • Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Substances

  • 6-(6-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-(1,2,4)triazolo(4,3-b)pyridazin-3-ylsulfanyl)quinoline
  • MYC protein, human
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc
  • Pyridazines
  • Quinazolines
  • RNA, Small Interfering
  • Triazoles
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met
  • Gefitinib