Isotopic Differences between Forage Consumed by a Large Herbivore in Open, Closed, and Coastal Habitats: New Evidence from a Boreal Study System

PLoS One. 2015 Nov 11;10(11):e0142781. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142781. eCollection 2015.

Abstract

Documenting habitat-related patterns in foraging behaviour at the individual level and over large temporal scales remains challenging for large herbivores. Stable isotope analysis could represent a valuable tool to quantify habitat-related foraging behaviour at the scale of individuals and over large temporal scales in forest dwelling large herbivores living in coastal environments, because the carbon (δ13C) or nitrogen (δ15N) isotopic signatures of forage can differ between open and closed habitats or between terrestrial and littoral forage, respectively. Here, we examined if we could detect isotopic differences between the different assemblages of forage taxa consumed by white-tailed deer that can be found in open, closed, supralittoral, and littoral habitats. We showed that δ13C of assemblages of forage taxa were 3.0 ‰ lower in closed than in open habitats, while δ15N were 2.0 ‰ and 7.4 ‰ higher in supralittoral and littoral habitats, respectively, than in terrestrial habitats. Stable isotope analysis may represent an additional technique for ecologists interested in quantifiying the consumption of terrestrial vs. marine autotrophs. Yet, given the relative isotopic proximity and the overlap between forage from open, closed, and supralittoral habitats, the next step would be to determine the potential to estimate their contribution to herbivore diet.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Canada
  • Carbon Isotopes / chemistry
  • Conyza / chemistry
  • Conyza / metabolism
  • Cornus / chemistry
  • Cornus / metabolism
  • Ecosystem*
  • Herbivory
  • Isotope Labeling
  • Nitrogen Isotopes / chemistry
  • Seaweed / chemistry
  • Seaweed / metabolism

Substances

  • Carbon Isotopes
  • Nitrogen Isotopes

Grants and funding

This study was funded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC, www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca; scholarships to MAG [Alexander Graham Bell, Michael Smith, and EnviroNorth scholarships] and grants to SDC) and by Produits forestiers Anticosti Inc. that provided matching funds for the NSERC grants to SDC. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.