Ebolavirus Evolution: Past and Present

PLoS Pathog. 2015 Nov 12;11(11):e1005221. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005221. eCollection 2015.

Abstract

The past year has marked the most devastating Ebola outbreak the world has ever witnessed, with over 28,000 cases and over 11,000 deaths. Ebola virus (EBOV) has now been around for almost 50 years. In this review, we discuss past and present outbreaks of EBOV and how those variants evolved over time. We explore and discuss selective pressures that drive the evolution of different Ebola variants, and how they may modify the efficacy of therapeutic treatments and vaccines currently being developed. Finally, given the unprecedented size and spread of the outbreak, as well as the extended period of replication in human hosts, specific attention is given to the 2014-2015 West African outbreak variant (Makona).

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Africa, Western / epidemiology
  • Animals
  • Biological Evolution*
  • Disease Outbreaks
  • Ebolavirus / genetics
  • Ebolavirus / isolation & purification
  • Ebolavirus / pathogenicity*
  • Genetic Variation / genetics*
  • Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola / epidemiology*
  • Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola / prevention & control*
  • Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola / virology
  • Humans
  • Time Factors