Cardiomyopathy from 1,1-Difluoroethane Inhalation

Cardiovasc Toxicol. 2016 Oct;16(4):370-3. doi: 10.1007/s12012-015-9348-5.

Abstract

Consumer aerosol products can be inhaled for their psychoactive effects, but with attendant adverse health effects including "sudden sniffing death." Cardiomyopathy has rarely been described in association with 1,1-difluoroethane (DFE), a common aerosol propellant. We report a 33-year-old male who developed acute myocardial injury and global hypokinesis along with rhabdomyolysis, acute kidney injury, and fulminant hepatitis after 2 days' nearly continuous huffing. Workup for other causes, including underlying coronary artery disease, was negative. His cardiac function improved over time. The exact mechanism of DFE's effects is uncertain but may include catecholamine-induced cardiomyopathy, coronary vasospasm, or direct cellular toxicity.

Keywords: 1,1-Difluoroethane; Cardiomyopathy; Huffing; Inhalant; Multi-organ failure; Sniffing.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Acute Kidney Injury / chemically induced
  • Administration, Inhalation
  • Adult
  • Aerosol Propellants / administration & dosage
  • Aerosol Propellants / poisoning*
  • Cardiomyopathies / chemically induced*
  • Cardiomyopathies / diagnosis
  • Cardiomyopathies / physiopathology
  • Cardiomyopathies / therapy
  • Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / etiology
  • Drug Overdose
  • Electrocardiography
  • Humans
  • Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated / administration & dosage
  • Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated / poisoning*
  • Male
  • Psychotropic Drugs / administration & dosage
  • Psychotropic Drugs / poisoning*
  • Recovery of Function
  • Rhabdomyolysis / chemically induced
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Aerosol Propellants
  • Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated
  • Psychotropic Drugs
  • 1,1-difluoroethane