Cementless total hip replacements in sickle cell disease

Hip Int. 2016 Mar-Apr;26(2):186-92. doi: 10.5301/hipint.5000317. Epub 2015 Dec 14.

Abstract

Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) affects around 80,000 people in the USA and 12,000 in the UK. Up to 40% of patients will get osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Cemented acetabular components yield poor results with the rate of osteolysis ranging from 13.5 to 46%. We report on a consecutive cohort of patients with SCD who underwent uncemented THA with ceramic-on-ceramic (CoC) bearings.

Methods: Since 2002 52 primary THAs were carried out in 40 patients. The average age was 36.1 years (17-54). 48 cases had exchange blood transfusion preoperatively and 3 had top-up transfusions.An S-ROM was used in 47 hips a Solutions stem in 4 hips and an AML in 1. It was necessary to drill the femur during 12 hips. There were 5 intra-operative peri-prosthetic fractures. 2 dislocations were observed. 2 superficial infections were detected.

Results: All components have in-grown. There have been no cases of radiographic osteolysis, migration or loosening of the hip with average 5-year (2-10.1) follow-up.

Conclusions: The combination of a multidisciplinary team approach and uncemented implants, with ceramic-on-ceramic bearings used, has made THA in patients with SCD a safe and reliable procedure in our hospital.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Anemia, Sickle Cell / complications*
  • Anemia, Sickle Cell / therapy
  • Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip / methods*
  • Blood Transfusion
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Hip Joint / diagnostic imaging
  • Hip Joint / surgery*
  • Hip Prosthesis*
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Joint Diseases / complications
  • Joint Diseases / diagnosis
  • Joint Diseases / surgery*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Postoperative Complications / epidemiology*
  • Preoperative Care / methods
  • Prosthesis Design
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • United States / epidemiology
  • Young Adult