Abstract
Objective:
To investigate the incidence of ethambutol (EMB) induced optic neuropathy prescribed at a relatively low dose of ≤ 15 mg/kg/day for the treatment of tuberculosis (TB) or Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) lung disease.
Design:
Patients diagnosed with TB or MAC lung disease received multidrug regimens including EMB at a single institution from August 2003 to July 2009. Visual monitoring was performed at baseline and at regular follow-up. The incidence of EMB-induced visual disturbances was evaluated.
Results:
Of the 415 patients included in the study, three (0.7%) developed toxic optic neuropathy over the 6-year period. Of the 289 patients prescribed a dose of ≤ 15 mg/kg/day EMB, only one (0.3%) developed toxic optic neuropathy.
Conclusions:
The incidence of EMB-induced optic neuropathy among Koreans is estimated to be 0.7%, and can be reduced with lower doses of EMB.
MeSH terms
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Adolescent
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Adult
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Aged
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Aged, 80 and over
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Antitubercular Agents / administration & dosage
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Antitubercular Agents / adverse effects*
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Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
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Ethambutol / administration & dosage
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Ethambutol / adverse effects*
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Female
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Humans
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Incidence
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Male
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Middle Aged
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Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection / diagnosis
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Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection / drug therapy*
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Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection / microbiology
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Optic Nerve Diseases / chemically induced*
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Optic Nerve Diseases / diagnosis
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Optic Nerve Diseases / epidemiology
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Optic Nerve Diseases / physiopathology
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Optic Nerve Diseases / prevention & control
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Republic of Korea / epidemiology
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Retrospective Studies
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Risk Factors
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Time Factors
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Tuberculosis / diagnosis
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Tuberculosis / drug therapy*
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Tuberculosis / microbiology
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Vision, Ocular / drug effects*
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Young Adult
Substances
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Antitubercular Agents
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Ethambutol