Occurrence and risk factors for retinal detachment after pars plana vitrectomy in acute postcataract bacterial endophthalmitis

Br J Ophthalmol. 2016 Oct;100(10):1388-92. doi: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2015-307359. Epub 2016 Jan 22.

Abstract

Background/aims: To report the incidence, risk factors and prognosis of retinal detachment (RD) in patients who had vitrectomy for acute bacterial endophthalmitis after cataract surgery.

Methods: 123 patients with acute postcataract endophthalmitis, consecutively treated with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) were included by the French Institutional Endophthalmitis Study group, in a prospective multicentre cohort study. Risk factors of RD were analysed using logistic regression.

Results: At the 6-month follow-up, the rate of post-PPV RD was 13% (n=16). The risk factors of post-PPV RD were diabetes (OR=4.7 (1.4-15.4), p=0.01) and visualisation of retinal vasculitis on the posterior pole (OR=3.8 (1.1-13.9), p=0.03) at the time of PPV. Postoperative RD occurred in 56% (n=9) of cases in the first month, in 31% (n=5) in the second month and in 6% (n=1) in the third month, with a mean delay of 47±71 days after PPV. The macula was detached in 12 cases (75%) and proliferative vitreoretinopathy grade C was present in seven cases. Final successful reattachment of the retina was obtained in 60% (n=9/15) of cases, with one (7/9) or two surgeries (2/9). Final visual acuity after surgical repair was ≥20/40 in 19% of cases, compared with 43% in patients without RD (p=0.05).

Conclusions: RD is a major and severe complication of PPV performed in patients with acute postcataract endophthalmitis. Retinal vasculitis is a major risk factor of RD after PPV. Anatomical and functional outcome remain poor.

Keywords: Infection; Inflammation; Microbiology; Retina; Treatment Surgery.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Acute Disease
  • Aged
  • Cataract Extraction / adverse effects*
  • Endophthalmitis / complications*
  • Endophthalmitis / diagnosis
  • Eye Infections, Bacterial / complications*
  • Eye Infections, Bacterial / diagnosis
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • France / epidemiology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Prognosis
  • Prospective Studies
  • Retinal Detachment / diagnosis
  • Retinal Detachment / epidemiology*
  • Retinal Detachment / etiology
  • Risk Assessment*
  • Risk Factors
  • Surgical Wound Infection / complications*
  • Surgical Wound Infection / diagnosis
  • Vitrectomy / adverse effects*