Aortic Valve Gradient and Clinical Outcome in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation for Severe Aortic Stenosis

Cardiology. 2016;134(2):128-35. doi: 10.1159/000444007. Epub 2016 Mar 9.

Abstract

Objectives: To explore the relation between the baseline aortic valve gradient (AVG) as a continuous variable and clinical outcomes following transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) in general and specifically in patients with high-gradient aortic stenosis (AS).

Methods: We reviewed 317 consecutive patients who underwent TAVI at our institution. We investigated the relation between AVG as a continuous/categorical variable and outcome among all patients and in patients without low-flow low-gradient AS, using the Cox proportional hazard model adjusting for multiple prognostic variables.

Results: Patients had a peak AVG of 79.9 ± 22.8 mm Hg (mean 50.5 ±15.7). During a mean follow-up of 2.7 years, AVG was inversely associated with mortality and mortality or cardiac hospitalization. Every 10-mm-Hg increase in peak AVG was associated with 18% reduction in mortality (p = 0.003) and 19% reduction in mortality/cardiac hospitalization (p < 0.001). Every 10-mm-Hg increase in mean AVG was associated with a 24% reduction in both outcomes (p = 0.005 and p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis of patients with left-ventricular ejection fraction >40% or peak AVG >64 mm Hg yielded similar results.

Conclusions: Mean and peak baseline AVGs are directly associated with improved outcomes after TAVI; AVG can be used to select the patients most likely to benefit from TAVI.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Aortic Valve / diagnostic imaging*
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / surgery*
  • Cardiac Catheterization*
  • Echocardiography
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Hospital Mortality*
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Male
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Stroke Volume
  • Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement*
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Ventricular Function, Left