[Methodology for Identification of Inverse Drug Distribution, Spain]

Rev Esp Salud Publica. 2016 Apr 4:90:E8.
[Article in Spanish]

Abstract

Objective: The phenomenon of reverse drug trafficking in the legal supply chain is an unlawful practice to serious risks to public health. The aims was to identify proactively pharmacies that carry out these illegal activities.

Methods: An analysis was performed through the crossing billing data to SAS of 52 million packs of medicines for the 496 pharmacies in the province over a period of 29 months with the drug packaging data supplied by the distribution entities of the province with the implementation of specific indicator defined called 'percentage overbought' allows us to detect those pharmacies at high risk of being involved in this illicit trade.

Results: It was tested in two pharmacies one rural and other urban a detour of 5.130 medicine containers and an illicit profit obtained from € 9,591.78 for the first and 9.982 packaging and € 26,885.11 for the second; they had gone unnoticed in previous inspections.

Conclusions: The methodology implemented to define a profile of infringing pharmacies high risk in these illicit practices, identify new ones that had not been sanctioned, weigh the drugs for illegal trade and to identify new drugs subject to diversion; also added as a challenge, it helps to adjust accurately and effectively calculate the illicit profit obtained.

Objetivo: El fenómeno del tráfico inverso en la cadena legal de suministro de medicamentos es una práctica ilícita con graves riesgos para la Salud Pública. El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar de forma proactiva las oficinas de farmacia que realizan estas conductas ilegales.

Metodos: Se cruzaron los datos de facturación al SAS de 52 millones de envases de medicamentos con los de las 496 farmacias de la provincia en un periodo de 29 meses (abril de 2012 a agosto de 2014). Junto con la aplicación del indicador específico definido denominado “porcentaje de sobrecompra”, permitió identificar los establecimientos farmacéuticos con alto riesgo de estar implicados en el comercio ilícito.

Resultados: Se comprobó que hubo desvío en dos oficinas de farmacia, una rural (de 5.130 envases de medicamentos y beneficio ilícito obtenido de 9.591,78 €) y otra urbana (9.982 envases y 26.885,11 €), los cuales habían pasado desapercibidos en anteriores actuaciones inspectoras.

Conclusiones: La metodología implantada permite definir un perfil de oficina de farmacia infractora de alto riesgo en estas prácticas ilícitas, identificarlas, ponderar los fármacos destinados a este comercio ilegal y determinar nuevos medicamentos objeto de desvío. Ayuda a ajustar de forma precisa el cálculo del beneficio ilícito obtenido.

Keywords: Commerce; Counterfeit Drugs; Drug Trafficking; Legislation, Pharmacy; Pharmacies; Spain; Supply and Distribution.

MeSH terms

  • Drug Trafficking / economics
  • Drug Trafficking / statistics & numerical data*
  • Fraud / economics
  • Fraud / statistics & numerical data*
  • Humans
  • Legislation, Drug*
  • Male
  • Pharmaceutical Preparations / economics
  • Pharmaceutical Preparations / supply & distribution*
  • Pharmacies / statistics & numerical data*
  • Spain

Substances

  • Pharmaceutical Preparations