Relationship Power and Sexual Violence Among HIV-Positive Women in Rural Uganda

AIDS Behav. 2016 Sep;20(9):2045-53. doi: 10.1007/s10461-016-1385-y.

Abstract

Gender-based power imbalances place women at significant risk for sexual violence, however, little research has examined this association among women living with HIV/AIDS. We performed a cross-sectional analysis of relationship power and sexual violence among HIV-positive women on anti-retroviral therapy in rural Uganda. Relationship power was measured using the Sexual Relationship Power Scale (SRPS), a validated measure consisting of two subscales: relationship control (RC) and decision-making dominance. We used multivariable logistic regression to test for associations between the SRPS and two dependent variables: recent forced sex and transactional sex. Higher relationship power (full SRPS) was associated with reduced odds of forced sex (AOR = 0.24; 95 % CI 0.07-0.80; p = 0.020). The association between higher relationship power and transactional sex was strong and in the expected direction, but not statistically significant (AOR = 0.47; 95 % CI 0.18-1.22; p = 0.119). Higher RC was associated with reduced odds of both forced sex (AOR = 0.18; 95 % CI 0.06-0.59; p < 0.01) and transactional sex (AOR = 0.38; 95 % CI 0.15-0.99; p = 0.048). Violence prevention interventions with HIV-positive women should consider approaches that increase women's power in their relationships.

Keywords: Africa; HIV/AIDS; Relationship power; Sexual violence; Transactional sex.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Anti-Retroviral Agents / therapeutic use
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • HIV Infections / diagnosis*
  • HIV Infections / drug therapy
  • HIV Infections / ethnology
  • HIV Infections / psychology*
  • HIV Seropositivity / psychology
  • Humans
  • Logistic Models
  • Male
  • Power, Psychological*
  • Risk Factors
  • Rural Population
  • Sex Offenses / ethnology
  • Sex Offenses / psychology*
  • Sexual Behavior
  • Social Stigma*
  • Uganda / epidemiology
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Anti-Retroviral Agents