The Efficacy and Safety of Cyclosporin A in Pregnant Patients with Systemic Autoimmune Diseases

Am J Reprod Immunol. 2016 Jun;75(6):654-60. doi: 10.1111/aji.12514. Epub 2016 May 5.

Abstract

Problem: Cyclosporin A (CYS A) is an immunosuppressant agent administered in autoimmune diseases, and its use during pregnancy and lactation is a debated topic.

Method of study: The demographic characteristics, the activity of the underlying disease, and the onset of fetal-maternal complications have been investigated in 21 consecutive patients (2 RA, 14 SLE, 2 PA, 1 SjS, 1 DM, 1 Churg-Strauss vasculitis), treated with CYS A throughout 29 gestations. A subanalysis of the SLE group was performed.

Results: We recorded a live birth rate of 86.2%. The median gestational age at birth was 38.2 weeks. The prevalence of maternal-fetal complications showed no differences with general population. Disease flares appeared in 4% of patients during gestation and in 12% during puerperium.

Conclusion: We found no evidence justifying the suspension of CYS A when a pregnancy occurs. The drug does not appear to promote maternal-fetal complications and should be continued in patients who benefit from therapy. Data regarding breast-feeding during therapy are still scarce, but no evidence of toxicity has emerged.

Keywords: Autoimmune diseases; cyclosporin A; efficacy; pregnancy; safety.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Autoimmune Diseases / drug therapy*
  • Autoimmune Diseases / epidemiology*
  • Breast Feeding
  • Cyclosporine / therapeutic use*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Italy / epidemiology
  • Postpartum Period
  • Pregnancy
  • Pregnancy Complications / epidemiology*
  • Pregnancy Outcome
  • Prevalence
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Immunosuppressive Agents
  • Cyclosporine