Dialysis catheter placement via the left internal jugular vein: risk of brachiocephalic vein perforation

J Vasc Access. 2016 Jul 12;17(4):e75-8. doi: 10.5301/jva.5000566.

Abstract

Purpose: We discuss a case of a brachiocephalic vein (BCV) perforation after Tesio® central venous catheter insertion.

Method and results: An 80-year-old patient underwent an ultrasound-guided hemodialysis (HD) catheter placement via his left internal jugular vein (IJV). One day postoperatively, the patient became hemodynamically unstable immediately after HD initiation. As a vascular event was feared, an emergency CT scan was performed demonstrating a BCV perforation. The patient underwent a sternotomy, the lines were removed and the venous laceration was closed. The patient recovered well.

Conclusions: In spite of ultrasound guidance, fluoroscopy for guidewire and sheath advancement, venous blood aspiration and a normal appearing postoperative x-ray, traumatic central venous catheter placement is still possible. Tenting of the BCV wall during catheter advancement possibly caused the venous perforation. A 'how-to' for correct catheter placement via the IJV is provided and potential pitfalls during each procedural step are discussed.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Brachiocephalic Veins / diagnostic imaging
  • Brachiocephalic Veins / injuries*
  • Brachiocephalic Veins / physiopathology
  • Brachiocephalic Veins / surgery
  • Catheterization, Central Venous / adverse effects*
  • Catheterization, Central Venous / instrumentation
  • Catheters, Indwelling
  • Central Venous Catheters
  • Computed Tomography Angiography
  • Device Removal
  • Equipment Design
  • Hemodynamics
  • Humans
  • Jugular Veins* / diagnostic imaging
  • Jugular Veins* / physiopathology
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / diagnosis
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / therapy*
  • Male
  • Phlebography / methods
  • Radiography, Interventional
  • Regional Blood Flow
  • Renal Dialysis*
  • Risk Factors
  • Sternotomy
  • Suture Techniques
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Ultrasonography, Interventional
  • Vascular System Injuries / diagnostic imaging
  • Vascular System Injuries / etiology*
  • Vascular System Injuries / physiopathology
  • Vascular System Injuries / surgery