Human ex-vivo action potential model for pro-arrhythmia risk assessment

J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods. 2016 Sep-Oct:81:183-95. doi: 10.1016/j.vascn.2016.05.016. Epub 2016 May 25.

Abstract

While current S7B/E14 guidelines have succeeded in protecting patients from QT-prolonging drugs, the absence of a predictive paradigm identifying pro-arrhythmic risks has limited the development of valuable drug programs. We investigated if a human ex-vivo action potential (AP)-based model could provide a more predictive approach for assessing pro-arrhythmic risk in man. Human ventricular trabeculae from ethically consented organ donors were used to evaluate the effects of dofetilide, d,l-sotalol, quinidine, paracetamol and verapamil on AP duration (APD) and recognized pro-arrhythmia predictors (short-term variability of APD at 90% repolarization (STV(APD90)), triangulation (ADP90-APD30) and incidence of early afterdepolarizations at 1 and 2Hz to quantitatively identify the pro-arrhythmic risk. Each drug was blinded and tested separately with 3 concentrations in triplicate trabeculae from 5 hearts, with one vehicle time control per heart. Electrophysiological stability of the model was not affected by sequential applications of vehicle (0.1% dimethyl sulfoxide). Paracetamol and verapamil did not significantly alter anyone of the AP parameters and were classified as devoid of pro-arrhythmic risk. Dofetilide, d,l-sotalol and quinidine exhibited an increase in the manifestation of pro-arrhythmia markers. The model provided quantitative and actionable activity flags and the relatively low total variability in tissue response allowed for the identification of pro-arrhythmic signals. Power analysis indicated that a total of 6 trabeculae derived from 2 hearts are sufficient to identify drug-induced pro-arrhythmia. Thus, the human ex-vivo AP-based model provides an integrative translational assay assisting in shaping clinical development plans that could be used in conjunction with the new CiPA-proposed approach.

Keywords: Action potential; Drug discovery and development; Human heart; Pro-arrhythmia assessment; Ventricular trabeculae.

MeSH terms

  • Action Potentials / drug effects*
  • Adult
  • Arrhythmias, Cardiac / chemically induced*
  • Arrhythmias, Cardiac / physiopathology*
  • Cardiovascular Agents / pharmacology
  • Data Interpretation, Statistical
  • Drug Discovery
  • Electrocardiography / drug effects
  • Electrophysiological Phenomena / drug effects
  • Female
  • Heart / drug effects
  • Humans
  • In Vitro Techniques
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Models, Biological
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Risk Assessment
  • Signal-To-Noise Ratio
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Cardiovascular Agents